Abstract
Accurate measurements and modelling of soot formation in turbulent flames at elevated pressures form a crucial step towards design methods that can support the development of practical combustion devices. A mass and number density preserving sectional model is here combined with a transported joint-scalar probability density function (JDPF) method that enables a fully coupled scalar space of soot, gas-phase species and enthalpy. The approach is extended to the KAUST turbulent non-premixed ethylene-nitrogen flames at pressures from 1 to 5 bar via an updated global bimolecular (second order) nucleation step from acetylene to pyrene. The latter accounts for pressure-induced density effects with the rate fitted using comparisons with full detailed chemistry up to 20 bar pressure and with experimental data from a WSR/PFR configuration and laminar premixed flames. Soot surface growth is treated via a PAH analogy and soot oxidation is considered via O, OH and O2 using a Hertz-Knudsen approach. The impact of differential diffusion between soot and gas-phase particles is included by a gradual decline of diffusivity among soot sections. Comparisons with normalised experimental OH-PLIF and PAH-PLIF signals suggest good predictions of the evolution of the flame structure. Good agreement was also found for predicted soot volume statistics at all pressures. The importance of differential diffusion between soot and gas-phase species intensifies with pressure with the impact on PSDs more evident for larger particles which tend to be transported towards the fuel rich centreline leading to reduced soot oxidation.
Original language | English (US) |
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Journal | Proceedings of the Combustion Institute |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Oct 22 2022 |
Bibliographical note
KAUST Repository Item: Exported on 2022-10-25Acknowledgements: Discussions with Dr Marcus A. Schiener, Mr Daniel Greenblatt and the financial support for Dr Lu Tian by the European Commission under the SOPRANO project, HORIZON 2020 project award 690724 and by the AFOSR/EOARD under award FA8655-20-1-7045 are gratefully acknowledged. The authors also gratefully acknowledge the support under the UKCTRF EPSRC Award EP/R029369/1 for the current work. The measurements were supported by funding from King Abdullah University of Science and Technology.
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- General Chemical Engineering
- Mechanical Engineering
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry