Transfer Functions of Ammonia and Partly Cracked Ammonia Swirl Flames

Nader N. Shohdy; Mhedine Alicherif; Deanna Lacoste

doi:10.3390/en16031323

Transfer Functions of Ammonia and Partly Cracked Ammonia Swirl Flames

Nader N. Shohdy, Mhedine Alicherif, Deanna Lacoste

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8 Scopus citations

Abstract

The replacement of hydrocarbon fuels by ammonia in industrial systems is challenging due to its low burning velocity, its narrow flammability range, and a large production of nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide when burned close to stoichiometric conditions. Cracking a fraction of ammonia into hydrogen and nitrogen prior to injection in the combustion chamber is considered a promising strategy to overcome these issues. This paper focuses on evaluating how different levels of ammonia cracking affect the overall burning velocity, the lean blow-off limit, the concentration of nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide, and the flame response to acoustic perturbations. Swirl stabilized premixed flames of pure ammonia–air and ammonia–hydrogen–nitrogen–air mixtures mimicking 10%, 20%, and 28% of cracking are experimentally investigated. The results show that even though ammonia cracking is beneficial for enhancing the lean blow-off limit and the overall burning velocity, its impact on pollutant emissions and flame stability is detrimental for a percentage of cracking as low as 20%. Based on an analysis of the flame dynamics, reasons for these results are proposed.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	1323
Journal	Energies
Volume	16
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3390/en16031323
State	Published - Jan 27 2023

Bibliographical note

KAUST Repository Item: Exported on 2023-02-02
Acknowledged KAUST grant number(s): URF/1/4051-01-01
Acknowledgements: This research was funded by the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology through the CRG project “Tailoring Flame Dynamics in Carbon Free Combustors,” grant number URF/1/4051-01-01. The authors would like to thank Thibault Guiberti for the interesting discussions on ammonia swirling flames and the technical staff of the Clean Combustion Research Center, more specifically Et-touhami Es-sebbar. The authors also sincerely thank Amit Katoch, Samir Rojas Chavez, Daniel Vigarinho de Campos, and Vigneshwaran Sankar for their help during the measurement campaign.

ASJC Scopus subject areas

General Computer Science

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https://repository.kaust.edu.sa/bitstream/10754/687450/1/energies-16-01323.pdf

Cite this

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title = "Transfer Functions of Ammonia and Partly Cracked Ammonia Swirl Flames",

abstract = "The replacement of hydrocarbon fuels by ammonia in industrial systems is challenging due to its low burning velocity, its narrow flammability range, and a large production of nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide when burned close to stoichiometric conditions. Cracking a fraction of ammonia into hydrogen and nitrogen prior to injection in the combustion chamber is considered a promising strategy to overcome these issues. This paper focuses on evaluating how different levels of ammonia cracking affect the overall burning velocity, the lean blow-off limit, the concentration of nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide, and the flame response to acoustic perturbations. Swirl stabilized premixed flames of pure ammonia–air and ammonia–hydrogen–nitrogen–air mixtures mimicking 10%, 20%, and 28% of cracking are experimentally investigated. The results show that even though ammonia cracking is beneficial for enhancing the lean blow-off limit and the overall burning velocity, its impact on pollutant emissions and flame stability is detrimental for a percentage of cracking as low as 20%. Based on an analysis of the flame dynamics, reasons for these results are proposed.",

author = "Shohdy, {Nader N.} and Mhedine Alicherif and Deanna Lacoste",

note = "KAUST Repository Item: Exported on 2023-02-02 Acknowledged KAUST grant number(s): URF/1/4051-01-01 Acknowledgements: This research was funded by the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology through the CRG project “Tailoring Flame Dynamics in Carbon Free Combustors,” grant number URF/1/4051-01-01. The authors would like to thank Thibault Guiberti for the interesting discussions on ammonia swirling flames and the technical staff of the Clean Combustion Research Center, more specifically Et-touhami Es-sebbar. The authors also sincerely thank Amit Katoch, Samir Rojas Chavez, Daniel Vigarinho de Campos, and Vigneshwaran Sankar for their help during the measurement campaign.",

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AU - Alicherif, Mhedine

AU - Lacoste, Deanna

N1 - KAUST Repository Item: Exported on 2023-02-02 Acknowledged KAUST grant number(s): URF/1/4051-01-01 Acknowledgements: This research was funded by the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology through the CRG project “Tailoring Flame Dynamics in Carbon Free Combustors,” grant number URF/1/4051-01-01. The authors would like to thank Thibault Guiberti for the interesting discussions on ammonia swirling flames and the technical staff of the Clean Combustion Research Center, more specifically Et-touhami Es-sebbar. The authors also sincerely thank Amit Katoch, Samir Rojas Chavez, Daniel Vigarinho de Campos, and Vigneshwaran Sankar for their help during the measurement campaign.

PY - 2023/1/27

Y1 - 2023/1/27

N2 - The replacement of hydrocarbon fuels by ammonia in industrial systems is challenging due to its low burning velocity, its narrow flammability range, and a large production of nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide when burned close to stoichiometric conditions. Cracking a fraction of ammonia into hydrogen and nitrogen prior to injection in the combustion chamber is considered a promising strategy to overcome these issues. This paper focuses on evaluating how different levels of ammonia cracking affect the overall burning velocity, the lean blow-off limit, the concentration of nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide, and the flame response to acoustic perturbations. Swirl stabilized premixed flames of pure ammonia–air and ammonia–hydrogen–nitrogen–air mixtures mimicking 10%, 20%, and 28% of cracking are experimentally investigated. The results show that even though ammonia cracking is beneficial for enhancing the lean blow-off limit and the overall burning velocity, its impact on pollutant emissions and flame stability is detrimental for a percentage of cracking as low as 20%. Based on an analysis of the flame dynamics, reasons for these results are proposed.

AB - The replacement of hydrocarbon fuels by ammonia in industrial systems is challenging due to its low burning velocity, its narrow flammability range, and a large production of nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide when burned close to stoichiometric conditions. Cracking a fraction of ammonia into hydrogen and nitrogen prior to injection in the combustion chamber is considered a promising strategy to overcome these issues. This paper focuses on evaluating how different levels of ammonia cracking affect the overall burning velocity, the lean blow-off limit, the concentration of nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide, and the flame response to acoustic perturbations. Swirl stabilized premixed flames of pure ammonia–air and ammonia–hydrogen–nitrogen–air mixtures mimicking 10%, 20%, and 28% of cracking are experimentally investigated. The results show that even though ammonia cracking is beneficial for enhancing the lean blow-off limit and the overall burning velocity, its impact on pollutant emissions and flame stability is detrimental for a percentage of cracking as low as 20%. Based on an analysis of the flame dynamics, reasons for these results are proposed.

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JO - Energies

JF - Energies

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ER -

Transfer Functions of Ammonia and Partly Cracked Ammonia Swirl Flames

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