Abstract
Structure control in solution-processed hybrid perovskites is crucial to design and fabricate highly efficient solar cells. Here, we utilize in situ grazing incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering and scanning electron microscopy to investigate the structural evolution and film morphologies of methylammonium lead tri-iodide/chloride (CH3NH3PbI(3-x)Cl(x)) in mesoporous block copolymer derived alumina superstructures during thermal annealing. We show the CH3NH3PbI(3-x)Cl(x) material evolution to be characterized by three distinct structures: a crystalline precursor structure not described previously, a 3D perovskite structure, and a mixture of compounds resulting from degradation. Finally, we demonstrate how understanding the processing parameters provides the foundation needed for optimal perovskite film morphology and coverage, leading to enhanced block copolymer-directed perovskite solar cell performance.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 4730-4739 |
| Number of pages | 10 |
| Journal | ACS Nano |
| Volume | 8 |
| Issue number | 5 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Apr 11 2014 |
| Externally published | Yes |
Bibliographical note
KAUST Repository Item: Exported on 2020-10-01Acknowledged KAUST grant number(s): KUS-C1-018-02
Acknowledgements: The authors acknowledge financial support from the National Science Foundation (NSF) through the Materials World Network grant between the U.S. (DMR-1008125) and the U.K. (Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council, EPSRC). K.W.T. gratefully acknowledges the Singapore Energy Innovation Programme Office for a National Research Foundation graduate fellowship. This work made use of the research facilities of the Cornell Center for Materials Research (CCMR) with support from the NSF Materials Research Science and Engineering Centers (MRSEC) program (DMR-1120296), Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source (CHESS), which is supported by the NSF and the NIH/National Institute of General Medical Sciences under NSF Award DMR-0936384, and the KAUST-Cornell Center for Energy and Sustainability supported by Award No. KUS-C1-018-02, made by King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST). The authors gratefully acknowledge D. M. Smilgies, M. Koker, R. Li, J. Kim, S. W. Robbins, T. Scott, and J. Song of Cornell University for kind experimental assistance.
This publication acknowledges KAUST support, but has no KAUST affiliated authors.