TY - JOUR
T1 - The global distribution and environmental drivers of the soil antibiotic resistome
AU - Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel
AU - Hu, Hang Wei
AU - Maestre, Fernando T.
AU - Guerra, Carlos A.
AU - Eisenhauer, Nico
AU - Eldridge, David J.
AU - Zhu, Yong Guan
AU - Chen, Qing Lin
AU - Trivedi, Pankaj
AU - Du, Shuai
AU - Makhalanyane, Thulani P.
AU - Verma, Jay Prakash
AU - Gozalo, Beatriz
AU - Ochoa, Victoria
AU - Asensio, Sergio
AU - Wang, Ling
AU - Zaady, Eli
AU - Illán, Javier G.
AU - Siebe, Christina
AU - Grebenc, Tine
AU - Zhou, Xiaobing
AU - Liu, Yu Rong
AU - Bamigboye, Adebola R.
AU - Blanco-Pastor, José L.
AU - Duran, Jorge
AU - Rodríguez, Alexandra
AU - Mamet, Steven
AU - Alfaro, Fernando
AU - Abades, Sebastian
AU - Teixido, Alberto L.
AU - Peñaloza-Bojacá, Gabriel F.
AU - Molina-Montenegro, Marco A.
AU - Torres-Díaz, Cristian
AU - Perez, Cecilia
AU - Gallardo, Antonio
AU - García-Velázquez, Laura
AU - Hayes, Patrick E.
AU - Neuhauser, Sigrid
AU - He, Ji Zheng
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022, The Author(s).
PY - 2022/12
Y1 - 2022/12
N2 - Background: Little is known about the global distribution and environmental drivers of key microbial functional traits such as antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Soils are one of Earth’s largest reservoirs of ARGs, which are integral for soil microbial competition, and have potential implications for plant and human health. Yet, their diversity and global patterns remain poorly described. Here, we analyzed 285 ARGs in soils from 1012 sites across all continents and created the first global atlas with the distributions of topsoil ARGs. Results: We show that ARGs peaked in high latitude cold and boreal forests. Climatic seasonality and mobile genetic elements, associated with the transmission of antibiotic resistance, were also key drivers of their global distribution. Dominant ARGs were mainly related to multidrug resistance genes and efflux pump machineries. We further pinpointed the global hotspots of the diversity and proportions of soil ARGs. Conclusions: Together, our work provides the foundation for a better understanding of the ecology and global distribution of the environmental soil antibiotic resistome. [MediaObject not available: see fulltext.].
AB - Background: Little is known about the global distribution and environmental drivers of key microbial functional traits such as antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Soils are one of Earth’s largest reservoirs of ARGs, which are integral for soil microbial competition, and have potential implications for plant and human health. Yet, their diversity and global patterns remain poorly described. Here, we analyzed 285 ARGs in soils from 1012 sites across all continents and created the first global atlas with the distributions of topsoil ARGs. Results: We show that ARGs peaked in high latitude cold and boreal forests. Climatic seasonality and mobile genetic elements, associated with the transmission of antibiotic resistance, were also key drivers of their global distribution. Dominant ARGs were mainly related to multidrug resistance genes and efflux pump machineries. We further pinpointed the global hotspots of the diversity and proportions of soil ARGs. Conclusions: Together, our work provides the foundation for a better understanding of the ecology and global distribution of the environmental soil antibiotic resistome. [MediaObject not available: see fulltext.].
KW - Antibiotic resistance
KW - Global change
KW - Global scale
KW - Human health
KW - Mobile genetic elements
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85143804165&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1186/s40168-022-01405-w
DO - 10.1186/s40168-022-01405-w
M3 - Article
C2 - 36503688
AN - SCOPUS:85143804165
SN - 2049-2618
VL - 10
JO - Microbiome
JF - Microbiome
IS - 1
M1 - 219
ER -