Spatial 3D Matérn Priors for Fast Whole-Brain fMRI Analysis

Per Sidén*, Finn Lindgren, David Bolin, Anders Eklund, Mattias Villani

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

3 Scopus citations

Abstract

Bayesian whole-brain functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) analysis with three-dimensional spatial smoothing priors has been shown to produce state-of-the-art activity maps without pre-smoothing the data. The proposed inference algorithms are computationally demanding however, and the spatial priors used have several less appealing properties, such as being improper and having infinite spatial range.We propose a statistical inference framework for whole-brain fMRI analysis based on the class of Matérn covariance functions. The framework uses the Gaussian Markov random field (GMRF) representation of possibly anisotropic spatial Matérn fields via the stochastic partial differential equation (SPDE) approach of Lindgren et al. (2011). This allows for more flexible and interpretable spatial priors, while maintaining the sparsity required for fast inference in the high-dimensional whole-brain setting. We develop an accelerated stochastic gradient descent (SGD) optimization algorithm for empirical Bayes (EB) inference of the spatial hyperparameters. Conditionally on the inferred hyperparameters, we make a fully Bayesian treatment of the brain activity.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)1251-1278
Number of pages28
JournalBAYESIAN ANALYSIS
Volume16
Issue number4
DOIs
StatePublished - 2021

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
∗This work was funded by Swedish Research Council (Vetenskapsrådet) grant no 2013-5229 and grant no 2016-04187. Finn Lindgren was funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Programme for Research and Innovation, no 640171, EUSTACE. Anders Eklund was funded by Center for Industrial Information Technology (CENIIT) at Linköping University. †Division of Statistics and Machine Learning, Dept. of Computer and Information Science, Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden, [email protected] ‡School of Mathematics, The University of Edinburgh, James Clerk Maxwell Building, The King’s Building, Peter Guthrie Tait Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FD, United Kingdom, [email protected] §CEMSE Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Saudi Arabia, [email protected] ¶Division of Medical Informatics, Dept. of Biomedical Engineering and Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization (CMIV), Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden, [email protected] ‖Department of Statistics, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden, [email protected] ∗∗Corresponding author.

Funding Information:
This work was funded by Swedish Research Council (Vetenskapsr?det) grant no 2013-5229 and grant no 2016-04187. Finn Lindgren was funded by the European Union?s Horizon 2020 Programme for Research and Innovation, no 640171, EUSTACE. Anders Eklund was funded by Center for Industrial Information Technology (CENIIT) at Link?ping University

Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 International Society for Bayesian Analysis

Keywords

  • Efficient computation
  • Fmri
  • Gaussian markov random fields
  • Spatial priors
  • Spatiotemporal modeling

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Statistics and Probability
  • Applied Mathematics

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