Self-assembled cones of aligned carbon nanofibers grown on wet-etched Cu foils

D. Mata; M. Amaral; A. J.S. Fernandes; F. J. Oliveira; P. M.F.J. Costa; R. F. Silva

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2011.01.035

Self-assembled cones of aligned carbon nanofibers grown on wet-etched Cu foils

D. Mata^*, M. Amaral, A. J.S. Fernandes, F. J. Oliveira, P. M.F.J. Costa, R. F. Silva

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

14 Scopus citations

Abstract

Hot-filament chemical vapour deposition (HF-CVD) was used to grow aligned carbon nanofibers (CNFs) directly on Cu foils. Fast wet-chemical etching procedures based on hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) were found to have a key role on the formation of selective active substrates for the growth process. Here, a comprehensive mechanism is presented. Additionally, it is shown that nano-sized protrusions ∼8 nm with round shape and high density ∼1.7 × 10³ μm^-2 were decisive for the growth of aligned hollow-herringbone CNFs following the base-growth model. CNFs with heights of ∼1 μm and diameters around ∼8 nm show narrow diameter size distribution with remarkable correlation to the protrusion size distribution. The fibers were organised in cone-shape configurations with a cone density of ∼22 μm^-2 and a cone angle of 90°. An activation energy for the CNF growth of E_act ∼ 0.90 ± 0.16 eV was extracted from the Arrhenius plot showing that the process kinetics is governed by C diffusion in bulk Cu.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	2181-2196
Number of pages	16
Journal	Carbon
Volume	49
Issue number	7
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2011.01.035
State	Published - Jun 2011
Externally published	Yes

ASJC Scopus subject areas

General Chemistry
General Materials Science

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10.1016/j.carbon.2011.01.035

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title = "Self-assembled cones of aligned carbon nanofibers grown on wet-etched Cu foils",

abstract = "Hot-filament chemical vapour deposition (HF-CVD) was used to grow aligned carbon nanofibers (CNFs) directly on Cu foils. Fast wet-chemical etching procedures based on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) were found to have a key role on the formation of selective active substrates for the growth process. Here, a comprehensive mechanism is presented. Additionally, it is shown that nano-sized protrusions ∼8 nm with round shape and high density ∼1.7 × 103 μm-2 were decisive for the growth of aligned hollow-herringbone CNFs following the base-growth model. CNFs with heights of ∼1 μm and diameters around ∼8 nm show narrow diameter size distribution with remarkable correlation to the protrusion size distribution. The fibers were organised in cone-shape configurations with a cone density of ∼22 μm-2 and a cone angle of 90°. An activation energy for the CNF growth of Eact ∼ 0.90 ± 0.16 eV was extracted from the Arrhenius plot showing that the process kinetics is governed by C diffusion in bulk Cu.",

author = "D. Mata and M. Amaral and Fernandes, {A. J.S.} and Oliveira, {F. J.} and Costa, {P. M.F.J.} and Silva, {R. F.}",

year = "2011",

month = jun,

doi = "10.1016/j.carbon.2011.01.035",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "49",

pages = "2181--2196",

journal = "Carbon",

issn = "0008-6223",

publisher = "Elsevier Ltd",

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T1 - Self-assembled cones of aligned carbon nanofibers grown on wet-etched Cu foils

AU - Mata, D.

AU - Amaral, M.

AU - Fernandes, A. J.S.

AU - Oliveira, F. J.

AU - Costa, P. M.F.J.

AU - Silva, R. F.

PY - 2011/6

Y1 - 2011/6

N2 - Hot-filament chemical vapour deposition (HF-CVD) was used to grow aligned carbon nanofibers (CNFs) directly on Cu foils. Fast wet-chemical etching procedures based on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) were found to have a key role on the formation of selective active substrates for the growth process. Here, a comprehensive mechanism is presented. Additionally, it is shown that nano-sized protrusions ∼8 nm with round shape and high density ∼1.7 × 103 μm-2 were decisive for the growth of aligned hollow-herringbone CNFs following the base-growth model. CNFs with heights of ∼1 μm and diameters around ∼8 nm show narrow diameter size distribution with remarkable correlation to the protrusion size distribution. The fibers were organised in cone-shape configurations with a cone density of ∼22 μm-2 and a cone angle of 90°. An activation energy for the CNF growth of Eact ∼ 0.90 ± 0.16 eV was extracted from the Arrhenius plot showing that the process kinetics is governed by C diffusion in bulk Cu.

AB - Hot-filament chemical vapour deposition (HF-CVD) was used to grow aligned carbon nanofibers (CNFs) directly on Cu foils. Fast wet-chemical etching procedures based on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) were found to have a key role on the formation of selective active substrates for the growth process. Here, a comprehensive mechanism is presented. Additionally, it is shown that nano-sized protrusions ∼8 nm with round shape and high density ∼1.7 × 103 μm-2 were decisive for the growth of aligned hollow-herringbone CNFs following the base-growth model. CNFs with heights of ∼1 μm and diameters around ∼8 nm show narrow diameter size distribution with remarkable correlation to the protrusion size distribution. The fibers were organised in cone-shape configurations with a cone density of ∼22 μm-2 and a cone angle of 90°. An activation energy for the CNF growth of Eact ∼ 0.90 ± 0.16 eV was extracted from the Arrhenius plot showing that the process kinetics is governed by C diffusion in bulk Cu.

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U2 - 10.1016/j.carbon.2011.01.035

DO - 10.1016/j.carbon.2011.01.035

M3 - Article

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SN - 0008-6223

VL - 49

SP - 2181

EP - 2196

JO - Carbon

JF - Carbon

IS - 7

ER -

Self-assembled cones of aligned carbon nanofibers grown on wet-etched Cu foils

Abstract

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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