Reacting boundary layers in a homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engine

An experimental and computational study of the near-wall combustion in a Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) engine has been conducted by applying laser based diagnostic techniques in combination with numerical modeling. Our major intent was to characterize the combustion in the velocity- and thermal boundary layers. The progress of the combustion was studied by using fuel tracer LIF, the result of which was compared with LDA measurements of the velocity boundary layer along with numerical simulations of the reacting boundary layer. Time resolved images of the PLIF signal were taken and ensemble averaged images were calculated. In the fuel tracer LIF experiments, acetone was seeded into the fuel as a tracer. It is clear from the experiments that a proper set of backgrounds and laser profiles are necessary to resolve the near-wall concentration profiles, even at a qualitative level. Partial resolution of the velocity boundary layer was enabled by using a slightly inclined LDA probe operated in back-scatter mode. During these conditions, it was possible to acquire velocity data within 0.2 mm from the wall. A one-dimensional model of the flow field was devised to make the connection between the thermal and the velocity boundary layer. The investigations suggest that wall interaction is not the responsible mechanism for the rather high emissions of unburned hydrocarbons from HCCI engines. It is believed that the delayed oxidation, indicated by the fuel tracer LIF experiments and numerical simulations, is due to the thermal boundary layer. From the data at hand, it is concluded that the thermal boundary layer is on the order of 1 mm thick. In this boundary layer the reactions are delayed but not quenched.