Quantum Dot Photovoltaics in the Extreme Quantum Confinement Regime: The Surface-Chemical Origins of Exceptional Air- and Light-Stability

Jiang Tang; Lukasz Brzozowski; D. Aaron R. Barkhouse; Xihua Wang; Ratan Debnath; Remigiusz Wolowiec; Elenita Palmiano; Larissa Levina; Andras G. Pattantyus-Abraham; Damir Jamakosmanovic; Edward H. Sargent

doi:10.1021/nn901564q

Quantum Dot Photovoltaics in the Extreme Quantum Confinement Regime: The Surface-Chemical Origins of Exceptional Air- and Light-Stability

Jiang Tang, Lukasz Brzozowski, D. Aaron R. Barkhouse, Xihua Wang, Ratan Debnath, Remigiusz Wolowiec, Elenita Palmiano, Larissa Levina, Andras G. Pattantyus-Abraham, Damir Jamakosmanovic, Edward H. Sargent

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

346 Scopus citations

Abstract

We report colloidal quantum dot (CQDs) photovoltaics having a ∼930 nm bandgap. The devices exhibit AM1.5G power conversion efficiencies in excess of 2%. Remarkably, the devices are stable in air under many tens of hours of solar illumination without the need for encapsulation. We explore herein the origins of this ordersof-magnitude improvement in air stability compared to larger PbS dots. We find that small and large dots form dramatically different oxidation products, with small dots forming lead sulfite primarily and large dots, lead sulfate. The lead sulfite produced on small dots results in shallow electron traps that are compatible with excellent device performance; whereas the sulfates formed on large dots lead to deep traps, midgap recombination, and consequent catastrophic loss of performance. We propose and offer evidence in support of an explanation based on the high rate of oxidation of sulfur-rich surfaces preponderant in highly faceted large-diameter PbS colloidal quantum dots. © 2010 American Chemical Society.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	869-878
Number of pages	10
Journal	ACS Nano
Volume	4
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1021/nn901564q
State	Published - Jan 27 2010
Externally published	Yes

Bibliographical note

KAUST Repository Item: Exported on 2020-10-01
Acknowledged KAUST grant number(s): KUS-11-009-21
Acknowledgements: We thank Vlad Sukhovatkin, Kyle Kemp, Ghada Koleilat, Illan Kramer, and Steven Huang for their assistance and insights. J. Tang thanks Dr. Dan Grozea, Dr. Srebri Petrov and Dr. Haizheng Zhong for material characterization and fruitful discussion. R. Debnath acknowledges the financial support of an e8 scholarship. This publication was supported in part by Award No. KUS-11-009-21 made by King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST).
This publication acknowledges KAUST support, but has no KAUST affiliated authors.

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Tang, J., Brzozowski, L., Barkhouse, D. A. R., Wang, X., Debnath, R., Wolowiec, R., Palmiano, E., Levina, L., Pattantyus-Abraham, A. G., Jamakosmanovic, D., & Sargent, E. H. (2010). Quantum Dot Photovoltaics in the Extreme Quantum Confinement Regime: The Surface-Chemical Origins of Exceptional Air- and Light-Stability. ACS Nano, 4(2), 869-878. https://doi.org/10.1021/nn901564q

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title = "Quantum Dot Photovoltaics in the Extreme Quantum Confinement Regime: The Surface-Chemical Origins of Exceptional Air- and Light-Stability",

abstract = "We report colloidal quantum dot (CQDs) photovoltaics having a ∼930 nm bandgap. The devices exhibit AM1.5G power conversion efficiencies in excess of 2%. Remarkably, the devices are stable in air under many tens of hours of solar illumination without the need for encapsulation. We explore herein the origins of this ordersof-magnitude improvement in air stability compared to larger PbS dots. We find that small and large dots form dramatically different oxidation products, with small dots forming lead sulfite primarily and large dots, lead sulfate. The lead sulfite produced on small dots results in shallow electron traps that are compatible with excellent device performance; whereas the sulfates formed on large dots lead to deep traps, midgap recombination, and consequent catastrophic loss of performance. We propose and offer evidence in support of an explanation based on the high rate of oxidation of sulfur-rich surfaces preponderant in highly faceted large-diameter PbS colloidal quantum dots. {\textcopyright} 2010 American Chemical Society.",

author = "Jiang Tang and Lukasz Brzozowski and Barkhouse, {D. Aaron R.} and Xihua Wang and Ratan Debnath and Remigiusz Wolowiec and Elenita Palmiano and Larissa Levina and Pattantyus-Abraham, {Andras G.} and Damir Jamakosmanovic and Sargent, {Edward H.}",

note = "KAUST Repository Item: Exported on 2020-10-01 Acknowledged KAUST grant number(s): KUS-11-009-21 Acknowledgements: We thank Vlad Sukhovatkin, Kyle Kemp, Ghada Koleilat, Illan Kramer, and Steven Huang for their assistance and insights. J. Tang thanks Dr. Dan Grozea, Dr. Srebri Petrov and Dr. Haizheng Zhong for material characterization and fruitful discussion. R. Debnath acknowledges the financial support of an e8 scholarship. This publication was supported in part by Award No. KUS-11-009-21 made by King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST). This publication acknowledges KAUST support, but has no KAUST affiliated authors.",

year = "2010",

month = jan,

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doi = "10.1021/nn901564q",

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Tang, J, Brzozowski, L, Barkhouse, DAR, Wang, X, Debnath, R, Wolowiec, R, Palmiano, E, Levina, L, Pattantyus-Abraham, AG, Jamakosmanovic, D & Sargent, EH 2010, 'Quantum Dot Photovoltaics in the Extreme Quantum Confinement Regime: The Surface-Chemical Origins of Exceptional Air- and Light-Stability', ACS Nano, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 869-878. https://doi.org/10.1021/nn901564q

TY - JOUR

T1 - Quantum Dot Photovoltaics in the Extreme Quantum Confinement Regime: The Surface-Chemical Origins of Exceptional Air- and Light-Stability

AU - Tang, Jiang

AU - Brzozowski, Lukasz

AU - Barkhouse, D. Aaron R.

AU - Wang, Xihua

AU - Debnath, Ratan

AU - Wolowiec, Remigiusz

AU - Palmiano, Elenita

AU - Levina, Larissa

AU - Pattantyus-Abraham, Andras G.

AU - Jamakosmanovic, Damir

AU - Sargent, Edward H.

N1 - KAUST Repository Item: Exported on 2020-10-01 Acknowledged KAUST grant number(s): KUS-11-009-21 Acknowledgements: We thank Vlad Sukhovatkin, Kyle Kemp, Ghada Koleilat, Illan Kramer, and Steven Huang for their assistance and insights. J. Tang thanks Dr. Dan Grozea, Dr. Srebri Petrov and Dr. Haizheng Zhong for material characterization and fruitful discussion. R. Debnath acknowledges the financial support of an e8 scholarship. This publication was supported in part by Award No. KUS-11-009-21 made by King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST). This publication acknowledges KAUST support, but has no KAUST affiliated authors.

PY - 2010/1/27

Y1 - 2010/1/27

N2 - We report colloidal quantum dot (CQDs) photovoltaics having a ∼930 nm bandgap. The devices exhibit AM1.5G power conversion efficiencies in excess of 2%. Remarkably, the devices are stable in air under many tens of hours of solar illumination without the need for encapsulation. We explore herein the origins of this ordersof-magnitude improvement in air stability compared to larger PbS dots. We find that small and large dots form dramatically different oxidation products, with small dots forming lead sulfite primarily and large dots, lead sulfate. The lead sulfite produced on small dots results in shallow electron traps that are compatible with excellent device performance; whereas the sulfates formed on large dots lead to deep traps, midgap recombination, and consequent catastrophic loss of performance. We propose and offer evidence in support of an explanation based on the high rate of oxidation of sulfur-rich surfaces preponderant in highly faceted large-diameter PbS colloidal quantum dots. © 2010 American Chemical Society.

AB - We report colloidal quantum dot (CQDs) photovoltaics having a ∼930 nm bandgap. The devices exhibit AM1.5G power conversion efficiencies in excess of 2%. Remarkably, the devices are stable in air under many tens of hours of solar illumination without the need for encapsulation. We explore herein the origins of this ordersof-magnitude improvement in air stability compared to larger PbS dots. We find that small and large dots form dramatically different oxidation products, with small dots forming lead sulfite primarily and large dots, lead sulfate. The lead sulfite produced on small dots results in shallow electron traps that are compatible with excellent device performance; whereas the sulfates formed on large dots lead to deep traps, midgap recombination, and consequent catastrophic loss of performance. We propose and offer evidence in support of an explanation based on the high rate of oxidation of sulfur-rich surfaces preponderant in highly faceted large-diameter PbS colloidal quantum dots. © 2010 American Chemical Society.

UR - http://hdl.handle.net/10754/599428

UR - https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/nn901564q

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=77649118502&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1021/nn901564q

DO - 10.1021/nn901564q

M3 - Article

C2 - 20104859

SN - 1936-0851

VL - 4

SP - 869

EP - 878

JO - ACS Nano

JF - ACS Nano

IS - 2

ER -

Quantum Dot Photovoltaics in the Extreme Quantum Confinement Regime: The Surface-Chemical Origins of Exceptional Air- and Light-Stability

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