Abstract
After oxygen, sulfate is the most important oxidant for the oxidation of organic matter in mangrove forest soils. As sulfate reducers are poor competitors for common electron donors, their relative success depends mostly on the surplus of carbon that is left by aerobic organisms due to oxygen depletion. We therefore hypothesized that sulfate-cycling in mangrove soils is influenced by the size of net primary production, and hence negatively affected by mangrove degradation and exploitation, as well as by carbon-exporting waves. To test this, we compared quantitative and qualitative traits of sulfate-reducing communities in two Saudi-Arabian mangrove stands near Jeddah, where co-occurring differences in camel-grazing pressure and tidal exposure led to a markedly different stand height and hence primary production. Potential sulfate reduction rates measured in anoxic flow-through reactors in the absence and presence of additional carbon sources were significantly higher in the samples from the non-grazed site. Near the surface (0-2 cm depth), numbers of dsrB gene copies and culturable cells also tended to be higher in the non-grazed sites, while these differences were not detected in the sub-surface (4-6 cm depth). It was concluded that sulfate-reducing microbes at the surface were indeed repressed at the low-productive site as could be expected from our hypothesis. At both sites, sulfate reduction rates as well as numbers of the dsrB gene copies and viable cells increased with depth suggesting repression of sulfate reduction near the surface in both irrespective of production level. Additionally, sequence analysis of DNA bands obtained from DGGE gels based on the dsrB gene, showed a clear difference in dominance of sulfate-reducing genera belonging to the Deltaproteobacteria and the Firmicutes between sampling sites and depths.
Original language | English (US) |
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Journal | FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY |
Volume | 6 |
Issue number | DEC |
DOIs | |
State | Published - 2015 |
Externally published | Yes |
Bibliographical note
KAUST Repository Item: Exported on 2021-11-05Acknowledgements: We thank Mr. Pieter Kleingeld for his technical assistance with the FTRs. We would also like to acknowledge Dr. Yamini Satyawali and Dr. Winnie Dejonghe from the Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO) in Belgium for their contributions to the characterization of the samples. The authors are grateful to Dr. Jupei Shen for her help for the QPCR work. The research has been funded by the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST; www.kaust.edu.sa) Center-in-Development Award to Utrecht University via the KAUST Global Research Partnership program and by the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO)/User Support Program Space Research (Project no. ALW-GO/12-43). This is publication number 5986 of the Netherlands Institute of Ecology.
This publication acknowledges KAUST support, but has no KAUST affiliated authors.
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Microbiology (medical)
- Microbiology