Phase Transitions in Poly(vinylidene fluoride)/Polymethylene-Based Diblock Copolymers and Blends

Nicolás María; Jon Maiz; Daniel E. Martínez-Tong; Angel Alegria; Fatimah Algarni; Georgios Zapsas; Nikos Hadjichristidis; Alejandro J. Müller

doi:10.3390/polym13152442

Phase Transitions in Poly(vinylidene fluoride)/Polymethylene-Based Diblock Copolymers and Blends

Nicolás María, Jon Maiz, Daniel E. Martínez-Tong, Angel Alegria, Fatimah Algarni, Georgios Zapsas, Nikos Hadjichristidis, Alejandro J. Müller

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9 Scopus citations

Abstract

The crystallization and morphology of two linear diblock copolymers based on polymethylene (PM) and poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) with compositions PM23-b-PVDF77 and PM38-b-PVDF62 (where the subscripts indicate the relative compositions in wt%) were compared with blends of neat components with identical compositions. The samples were studied by SAXS (Small Angle X-ray Scattering), WAXS (Wide Angle X-ray Scattering), PLOM (Polarized Light Optical Microscopy), TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy), DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry), BDS (broadband dielectric spectroscopy), and FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy). The results showed that the blends are immiscible, while the diblock copolymers are miscible in the melt state (or very weakly segregated). The PVDF component crystallization was studied in detail. It was found that the polymorphic structure of PVDF was a strong function of its environment. The number of polymorphs and their amount depended on whether it was on its own as a homopolymer, as a block component in the diblock copolymers or as an immiscible phase in the blends. The cooling rate in non-isothermal crystallization or the crystallization temperature in isothermal tests also induced different polymorphic compositions in the PVDF crystals. As a result, we were able to produce samples with exclusive ferroelectric phases at specific preparation conditions, while others with mixtures of paraelectric and ferroelectric phases.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	2442
Journal	Polymers
Volume	13
Issue number	15
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13152442
State	Published - Jul 24 2021

Bibliographical note

KAUST Repository Item: Exported on 2021-07-28
Acknowledgements: Technical and human support by SGIker (UPV/EHU) is gratefully acknowledged for the TEM images acquired. We would also like to acknowledge funding from MINECO through grant MAT2017-83014-C2-1-P and from the Basque Government through grant IT1309-19. This research was funded by ALBA synchrotron facility through granted proposal 2020084441.

ASJC Scopus subject areas

General Chemistry
Polymers and Plastics

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10.3390/polym13152442

https://repository.kaust.edu.sa/bitstream/10754/670308/1/polymers-13-02442-v3.pdf

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@article{bce772d13e2c4129a11c8dfcdaa6e43e,

title = "Phase Transitions in Poly(vinylidene fluoride)/Polymethylene-Based Diblock Copolymers and Blends",

abstract = "The crystallization and morphology of two linear diblock copolymers based on polymethylene (PM) and poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) with compositions PM23-b-PVDF77 and PM38-b-PVDF62 (where the subscripts indicate the relative compositions in wt%) were compared with blends of neat components with identical compositions. The samples were studied by SAXS (Small Angle X-ray Scattering), WAXS (Wide Angle X-ray Scattering), PLOM (Polarized Light Optical Microscopy), TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy), DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry), BDS (broadband dielectric spectroscopy), and FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy). The results showed that the blends are immiscible, while the diblock copolymers are miscible in the melt state (or very weakly segregated). The PVDF component crystallization was studied in detail. It was found that the polymorphic structure of PVDF was a strong function of its environment. The number of polymorphs and their amount depended on whether it was on its own as a homopolymer, as a block component in the diblock copolymers or as an immiscible phase in the blends. The cooling rate in non-isothermal crystallization or the crystallization temperature in isothermal tests also induced different polymorphic compositions in the PVDF crystals. As a result, we were able to produce samples with exclusive ferroelectric phases at specific preparation conditions, while others with mixtures of paraelectric and ferroelectric phases.",

author = "Nicol{\'a}s Mar{\'i}a and Jon Maiz and Mart{\'i}nez-Tong, {Daniel E.} and Angel Alegria and Fatimah Algarni and Georgios Zapsas and Nikos Hadjichristidis and M{\"u}ller, {Alejandro J.}",

note = "KAUST Repository Item: Exported on 2021-07-28 Acknowledgements: Technical and human support by SGIker (UPV/EHU) is gratefully acknowledged for the TEM images acquired. We would also like to acknowledge funding from MINECO through grant MAT2017-83014-C2-1-P and from the Basque Government through grant IT1309-19. This research was funded by ALBA synchrotron facility through granted proposal 2020084441.",

year = "2021",

month = jul,

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doi = "10.3390/polym13152442",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "13",

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journal = "Polymers",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Phase Transitions in Poly(vinylidene fluoride)/Polymethylene-Based Diblock Copolymers and Blends

AU - María, Nicolás

AU - Maiz, Jon

AU - Martínez-Tong, Daniel E.

AU - Alegria, Angel

AU - Algarni, Fatimah

AU - Zapsas, Georgios

AU - Hadjichristidis, Nikos

AU - Müller, Alejandro J.

N1 - KAUST Repository Item: Exported on 2021-07-28 Acknowledgements: Technical and human support by SGIker (UPV/EHU) is gratefully acknowledged for the TEM images acquired. We would also like to acknowledge funding from MINECO through grant MAT2017-83014-C2-1-P and from the Basque Government through grant IT1309-19. This research was funded by ALBA synchrotron facility through granted proposal 2020084441.

PY - 2021/7/24

Y1 - 2021/7/24

N2 - The crystallization and morphology of two linear diblock copolymers based on polymethylene (PM) and poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) with compositions PM23-b-PVDF77 and PM38-b-PVDF62 (where the subscripts indicate the relative compositions in wt%) were compared with blends of neat components with identical compositions. The samples were studied by SAXS (Small Angle X-ray Scattering), WAXS (Wide Angle X-ray Scattering), PLOM (Polarized Light Optical Microscopy), TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy), DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry), BDS (broadband dielectric spectroscopy), and FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy). The results showed that the blends are immiscible, while the diblock copolymers are miscible in the melt state (or very weakly segregated). The PVDF component crystallization was studied in detail. It was found that the polymorphic structure of PVDF was a strong function of its environment. The number of polymorphs and their amount depended on whether it was on its own as a homopolymer, as a block component in the diblock copolymers or as an immiscible phase in the blends. The cooling rate in non-isothermal crystallization or the crystallization temperature in isothermal tests also induced different polymorphic compositions in the PVDF crystals. As a result, we were able to produce samples with exclusive ferroelectric phases at specific preparation conditions, while others with mixtures of paraelectric and ferroelectric phases.

AB - The crystallization and morphology of two linear diblock copolymers based on polymethylene (PM) and poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) with compositions PM23-b-PVDF77 and PM38-b-PVDF62 (where the subscripts indicate the relative compositions in wt%) were compared with blends of neat components with identical compositions. The samples were studied by SAXS (Small Angle X-ray Scattering), WAXS (Wide Angle X-ray Scattering), PLOM (Polarized Light Optical Microscopy), TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy), DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry), BDS (broadband dielectric spectroscopy), and FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy). The results showed that the blends are immiscible, while the diblock copolymers are miscible in the melt state (or very weakly segregated). The PVDF component crystallization was studied in detail. It was found that the polymorphic structure of PVDF was a strong function of its environment. The number of polymorphs and their amount depended on whether it was on its own as a homopolymer, as a block component in the diblock copolymers or as an immiscible phase in the blends. The cooling rate in non-isothermal crystallization or the crystallization temperature in isothermal tests also induced different polymorphic compositions in the PVDF crystals. As a result, we were able to produce samples with exclusive ferroelectric phases at specific preparation conditions, while others with mixtures of paraelectric and ferroelectric phases.

UR - http://hdl.handle.net/10754/670308

UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/15/2442

U2 - 10.3390/polym13152442

DO - 10.3390/polym13152442

M3 - Article

C2 - 34372044

SN - 2073-4360

VL - 13

SP - 2442

JO - Polymers

JF - Polymers

IS - 15

ER -

Phase Transitions in Poly(vinylidene fluoride)/Polymethylene-Based Diblock Copolymers and Blends

Abstract

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