On adaptive resilient secondary control for DC microgrids under false data injection attacks

Distributed cooperative control strategies for DC microgrids have been rapidly evolving in recent years. However, introducing a cyber layer to enhance robustness, scalability, and reliability also exposes the system to potential cyber-attacks. The damage inflicted by such attacks on the system performance can be catastrophic, reaching a point where it may devastate the system normal operation. By using model reference adaptive control (MRAC), this article proposes a resilient approach that does not require an accurate model of the system and despite the uncertainties for detecting false data injections into the reference DC voltage and simultaneously mitigating their adverse effects on the system stability and performance. The proposed technique employs an observer to detect possible false data injections in an online manner. By emulating the behavior of an ideal reference model, the MRAC ensures adaptive adjustments of the control parameters over time to mitigate the negative effects of potential attacks effectively and despite non-idealities such as measurement noise, parameter variations, and environmental changes in DC microgrids, the MRAC effectively manages false data injection attacks. Simulation studies are conducted using diverse scenarios involving a three-node DC microgrid to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.