Abstract
Graphite anodes are not stable in most noncarbonate solvents (e.g., ether, sulfoxide, sulfone) upon Li ion intercalation, known as an urgent issue in present Li ions and next-generation Li-S and Li-O2 batteries for storage of Li ions within the anode for safety features. The solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) is commonly believed to be decisive for stabilizing the graphite anode. However, here we find that the solvation structure of the Li ions, determined by the electrolyte composition including lithium salts, solvents, and additives, plays a more dominant role than SEI in graphite anode stability. The Li ion intercalation desired for battery operation competes with the undesired Li+-solvent co-insertion, leading to graphite exfoliation. The increase in organic lithium salt LiN(SO2CF3)2 concentration or, more effectively, the addition of LiNO3 lowers the interaction strength between Li+ and solvents, suppressing the graphite exfoliation caused by Li+-solvent co-insertion. Our findings refresh the knowledge of the well-known SEI for graphite stability in metal ion batteries and also provide new guidelines for electrolyte systems to achieve reliable and safe Li-S full batteries.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 335-340 |
Number of pages | 6 |
Journal | ACS Energy Letters |
Volume | 3 |
Issue number | 2 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Feb 9 2018 |
Bibliographical note
Publisher Copyright:© 2018 American Chemical Society.
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Chemistry (miscellaneous)
- Energy Engineering and Power Technology
- Materials Chemistry
- Fuel Technology
- Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment