Material and elastic properties of Al-tobermorite in ancient roman seawater concrete

Marie D. Jackson; Juhyuk Moon; Emanuele Gotti; Rae Taylor; Sejungrosie Chae; Martin Kunz; Abdul-Hamid M. Emwas; Cagla Meral; Peter Guttmann; Pierre E. Levitz; Hans Rudolf Wenk; Paulo José Meleragno Monteiro

doi:10.1111/jace.12407

Material and elastic properties of Al-tobermorite in ancient roman seawater concrete

Marie D. Jackson, Juhyuk Moon, Emanuele Gotti, Rae Taylor, Sejungrosie Chae, Martin Kunz, Abdul-Hamid M. Emwas, Cagla Meral, Peter Guttmann, Pierre E. Levitz, Hans Rudolf Wenk, Paulo José Meleragno Monteiro

Imaging & Characterization Core Lab

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

119 Scopus citations

Abstract

The material characteristics and elastic properties of aluminum-substituted 11 Å tobermorite in the relict lime clasts of 2000-year-old Roman seawater harbor concrete are described with TG-DSC and 29Si MAS NMR studies, along with nanoscale tomography, X-ray microdiffraction, and high-pressure X-ray diffraction synchrotron radiation applications. The crystals have aluminum substitution for silicon in tetrahedral bridging and branching sites and 11.49(3) Å interlayer (002) spacing. With prolonged heating to 350°C, the crystals exhibit normal behavior. The experimentally measured isothermal bulk modulus at zero pressure, K0, 55 ±5 GPa, is less than ab initio and molecular dynamics models for ideal tobermorite with a double-silicate chain structure. Even so, K0, is substantially higher than calcium-aluminum-silicate-hydrate binder (C-A-S-H) in slag concrete. Based on nanoscale tomographic study, the crystal clusters form a well connected solid, despite having about 52% porosity. In the pumiceous cementitious matrix, Al-tobermorite with 11.27 Å interlayer spacing is locally associated with phillipsite, similar to geologic occurrences in basaltic tephra. The ancient concretes provide a sustainable prototype for producing Al-tobermorite in high-performance concretes with natural volcanic pozzolans. © 2013 The American Ceramic Society.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	2598-2606
Number of pages	9
Journal	Journal of the American Ceramic Society
Volume	96
Issue number	8
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.12407
State	Published - May 28 2013

Bibliographical note

KAUST Repository Item: Exported on 2020-10-01
Acknowledged KAUST grant number(s): KUS-l1-004021
Acknowledgements: This research was supported by Award No. KUS-l1-004021, from King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST). Data were acquired at beamlines 12.2.2 and 12.3.2 at the Advanced Light Source at the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratories, supported by the Director of the Office of Science, Department of Energy, under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231, and the Advanced Nanofabrication Imaging and Characterization Laboratories at King Abdullah University of Science and Technology. We thank CTG Italcementi researchers and staff, especially B. Zanga, in Bergamo, Italy; G. Vola at Cimprogetti S.p.A., Dalmine, Italy; S. Clark at the 12.2.2 beamline; and N. Tamura at the 12.3.2 beamline; and the ROMACONS drilling program: J. P. Oleson, C. Brandon, R. Hohlfelder. T. Teague, D. Hernandez, C. Hargis, I. A. Delaney, and B. Black provided research support. We thank J. G. Moore, M. Sintubin, G. Sposito, P.-A. Itty, and J. Kirz for critical discussions, and three anonymous reviewers whose comments improved the manuscript.

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Materials Chemistry
Ceramics and Composites

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10.1111/jace.12407

Cite this

@article{5b76ab45f6bc45aabcd26d46c0ef677f,

title = "Material and elastic properties of Al-tobermorite in ancient roman seawater concrete",

abstract = "The material characteristics and elastic properties of aluminum-substituted 11 {\AA} tobermorite in the relict lime clasts of 2000-year-old Roman seawater harbor concrete are described with TG-DSC and 29Si MAS NMR studies, along with nanoscale tomography, X-ray microdiffraction, and high-pressure X-ray diffraction synchrotron radiation applications. The crystals have aluminum substitution for silicon in tetrahedral bridging and branching sites and 11.49(3) {\AA} interlayer (002) spacing. With prolonged heating to 350°C, the crystals exhibit normal behavior. The experimentally measured isothermal bulk modulus at zero pressure, K0, 55 ±5 GPa, is less than ab initio and molecular dynamics models for ideal tobermorite with a double-silicate chain structure. Even so, K0, is substantially higher than calcium-aluminum-silicate-hydrate binder (C-A-S-H) in slag concrete. Based on nanoscale tomographic study, the crystal clusters form a well connected solid, despite having about 52% porosity. In the pumiceous cementitious matrix, Al-tobermorite with 11.27 {\AA} interlayer spacing is locally associated with phillipsite, similar to geologic occurrences in basaltic tephra. The ancient concretes provide a sustainable prototype for producing Al-tobermorite in high-performance concretes with natural volcanic pozzolans. {\textcopyright} 2013 The American Ceramic Society.",

author = "Jackson, {Marie D.} and Juhyuk Moon and Emanuele Gotti and Rae Taylor and Sejungrosie Chae and Martin Kunz and Emwas, {Abdul-Hamid M.} and Cagla Meral and Peter Guttmann and Levitz, {Pierre E.} and Wenk, {Hans Rudolf} and Monteiro, {Paulo Jos{\'e} Meleragno}",

note = "KAUST Repository Item: Exported on 2020-10-01 Acknowledged KAUST grant number(s): KUS-l1-004021 Acknowledgements: This research was supported by Award No. KUS-l1-004021, from King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST). Data were acquired at beamlines 12.2.2 and 12.3.2 at the Advanced Light Source at the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratories, supported by the Director of the Office of Science, Department of Energy, under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231, and the Advanced Nanofabrication Imaging and Characterization Laboratories at King Abdullah University of Science and Technology. We thank CTG Italcementi researchers and staff, especially B. Zanga, in Bergamo, Italy; G. Vola at Cimprogetti S.p.A., Dalmine, Italy; S. Clark at the 12.2.2 beamline; and N. Tamura at the 12.3.2 beamline; and the ROMACONS drilling program: J. P. Oleson, C. Brandon, R. Hohlfelder. T. Teague, D. Hernandez, C. Hargis, I. A. Delaney, and B. Black provided research support. We thank J. G. Moore, M. Sintubin, G. Sposito, P.-A. Itty, and J. Kirz for critical discussions, and three anonymous reviewers whose comments improved the manuscript.",

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language = "English (US)",

volume = "96",

pages = "2598--2606",

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T1 - Material and elastic properties of Al-tobermorite in ancient roman seawater concrete

AU - Jackson, Marie D.

AU - Moon, Juhyuk

AU - Gotti, Emanuele

AU - Taylor, Rae

AU - Chae, Sejungrosie

AU - Kunz, Martin

AU - Emwas, Abdul-Hamid M.

AU - Meral, Cagla

AU - Guttmann, Peter

AU - Levitz, Pierre E.

AU - Wenk, Hans Rudolf

AU - Monteiro, Paulo José Meleragno

N1 - KAUST Repository Item: Exported on 2020-10-01 Acknowledged KAUST grant number(s): KUS-l1-004021 Acknowledgements: This research was supported by Award No. KUS-l1-004021, from King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST). Data were acquired at beamlines 12.2.2 and 12.3.2 at the Advanced Light Source at the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratories, supported by the Director of the Office of Science, Department of Energy, under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231, and the Advanced Nanofabrication Imaging and Characterization Laboratories at King Abdullah University of Science and Technology. We thank CTG Italcementi researchers and staff, especially B. Zanga, in Bergamo, Italy; G. Vola at Cimprogetti S.p.A., Dalmine, Italy; S. Clark at the 12.2.2 beamline; and N. Tamura at the 12.3.2 beamline; and the ROMACONS drilling program: J. P. Oleson, C. Brandon, R. Hohlfelder. T. Teague, D. Hernandez, C. Hargis, I. A. Delaney, and B. Black provided research support. We thank J. G. Moore, M. Sintubin, G. Sposito, P.-A. Itty, and J. Kirz for critical discussions, and three anonymous reviewers whose comments improved the manuscript.

PY - 2013/5/28

Y1 - 2013/5/28

N2 - The material characteristics and elastic properties of aluminum-substituted 11 Å tobermorite in the relict lime clasts of 2000-year-old Roman seawater harbor concrete are described with TG-DSC and 29Si MAS NMR studies, along with nanoscale tomography, X-ray microdiffraction, and high-pressure X-ray diffraction synchrotron radiation applications. The crystals have aluminum substitution for silicon in tetrahedral bridging and branching sites and 11.49(3) Å interlayer (002) spacing. With prolonged heating to 350°C, the crystals exhibit normal behavior. The experimentally measured isothermal bulk modulus at zero pressure, K0, 55 ±5 GPa, is less than ab initio and molecular dynamics models for ideal tobermorite with a double-silicate chain structure. Even so, K0, is substantially higher than calcium-aluminum-silicate-hydrate binder (C-A-S-H) in slag concrete. Based on nanoscale tomographic study, the crystal clusters form a well connected solid, despite having about 52% porosity. In the pumiceous cementitious matrix, Al-tobermorite with 11.27 Å interlayer spacing is locally associated with phillipsite, similar to geologic occurrences in basaltic tephra. The ancient concretes provide a sustainable prototype for producing Al-tobermorite in high-performance concretes with natural volcanic pozzolans. © 2013 The American Ceramic Society.

AB - The material characteristics and elastic properties of aluminum-substituted 11 Å tobermorite in the relict lime clasts of 2000-year-old Roman seawater harbor concrete are described with TG-DSC and 29Si MAS NMR studies, along with nanoscale tomography, X-ray microdiffraction, and high-pressure X-ray diffraction synchrotron radiation applications. The crystals have aluminum substitution for silicon in tetrahedral bridging and branching sites and 11.49(3) Å interlayer (002) spacing. With prolonged heating to 350°C, the crystals exhibit normal behavior. The experimentally measured isothermal bulk modulus at zero pressure, K0, 55 ±5 GPa, is less than ab initio and molecular dynamics models for ideal tobermorite with a double-silicate chain structure. Even so, K0, is substantially higher than calcium-aluminum-silicate-hydrate binder (C-A-S-H) in slag concrete. Based on nanoscale tomographic study, the crystal clusters form a well connected solid, despite having about 52% porosity. In the pumiceous cementitious matrix, Al-tobermorite with 11.27 Å interlayer spacing is locally associated with phillipsite, similar to geologic occurrences in basaltic tephra. The ancient concretes provide a sustainable prototype for producing Al-tobermorite in high-performance concretes with natural volcanic pozzolans. © 2013 The American Ceramic Society.

UR - http://hdl.handle.net/10754/562772

UR - http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/jace.12407

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84881662956&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1111/jace.12407

DO - 10.1111/jace.12407

M3 - Article

SN - 0002-7820

VL - 96

SP - 2598

EP - 2606

JO - Journal of the American Ceramic Society

JF - Journal of the American Ceramic Society

IS - 8

ER -

Material and elastic properties of Al-tobermorite in ancient roman seawater concrete

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