Impact of ultra-viscous drops: air-film gliding and extreme wetting

Kenneth Langley, Erqiang Li, Sigurdur T Thoroddsen

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

36 Scopus citations

Abstract

A drop impacting on a solid surface must push away the intervening gas layer before making contact. This entails a large lubricating air pressure which can deform the bottom of the drop, thus entrapping a bubble under its centre. For a millimetric water drop, the viscous-dominated flow in the thin air layer counteracts the inertia of the drop liquid. For highly viscous drops the viscous stresses within the liquid also affect the interplay between the drop and the gas. Here the drop also forms a central dimple, but its outer edge is surrounded by an extended thin air film, without contacting the solid. This is in sharp contrast with impacts of lower-viscosity drops where a kink in the drop surface forms at the edge of the central disc and makes a circular contact with the solid. Larger drop viscosities make the central air dimple thinner. The thin outer air film subsequently ruptures at numerous random locations around the periphery, when it reaches below 150 nm thickness. This thickness we measure using high-speed two-colour interferometry. The wetted circular contacts expand rapidly, at orders of magnitude larger velocities than would be predicted by a capillary-viscous balance. The spreading velocity of the wetting spots is independent of the liquid viscosity. This may suggest enhanced slip of the contact line, assisted by rarefied-gas effects, or van der Waals forces in what we call extreme wetting. Myriads of micro-bubbles are captured between the local wetting spots.
Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)647-666
Number of pages20
JournalJournal of Fluid Mechanics
Volume813
DOIs
StatePublished - Jan 23 2017

Bibliographical note

KAUST Repository Item: Exported on 2020-10-01
Acknowledgements: The work reported herein was funded by King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST).

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