Efficient and stable perovskite-silicon tandem solar cells through contact displacement by MgFx

Jiang Liu; Michele De Bastiani; Erkan Aydin; George T. Harrison; Yajun Gao; Rakesh R. Pradhan; Mathan K. Eswaran; Mukunda Mandal; Wenbo Yan; Akmaral Seitkhan; Maxime Babics; Anand S. Subbiah; Esma Ugur; Fuzong Xu; Lujia Xu; Mingcong Wang; Atteq ur Rehman; Arsalan Razzaq; Jingxuan Kang; Randi Azmi; Ahmed Ali Said; Furkan H. Isikgor; Thomas G. Allen; Denis Andrienko; Udo Schwingenschlögl; Frédéric Laquai; Stefaan De Wolf

doi:10.1126/science.abn8910

Efficient and stable perovskite-silicon tandem solar cells through contact displacement by MgF_x

Jiang Liu^*, Michele De Bastiani, Erkan Aydin, George T. Harrison, Yajun Gao, Rakesh R. Pradhan, Mathan K. Eswaran, Mukunda Mandal, Wenbo Yan, Akmaral Seitkhan, Maxime Babics, Anand S. Subbiah, Esma Ugur, Fuzong Xu, Lujia Xu, Mingcong Wang, Atteq ur Rehman, Arsalan Razzaq, Jingxuan Kang, Randi AzmiAhmed Ali Said, Furkan H. Isikgor, Thomas G. Allen, Denis Andrienko, Udo Schwingenschlögl, Frédéric Laquai, Stefaan De Wolf^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

196 Scopus citations

Abstract

The performance of perovskite solar cells with inverted polarity (p-i-n) is still limited by recombination at their electron extraction interface, which also lowers the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of p-i-n perovskite-silicon tandem solar cells. A MgF_x interlayer with thickness of ~1 nanometer at the perovskite/C₆₀ interface favorably adjusts the surface energy of the perovskite layer through thermal evaporation, which facilitates efficient electron extraction and displaces C₆₀ from the perovskite surface to mitigate nonradiative recombination. These effects enable a champion open-circuit voltage of 1.92 volts, an improved fill factor of 80.7%, and an independently certified stabilized PCE of 29.3% for a monolithic perovskite-silicon tandem solar cell ~1 square centimeter in area. The tandem retained ~95% of its initial performance after damp-heat testing (85°C at 85% relative humidity) for >1000 hours.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	302-306
Number of pages	5
Journal	Science
Volume	377
Issue number	6603
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abn8910
State	Published - Jul 15 2022

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
We acknowledge the use of KAUST Solar Center and Core Lab facilities and the support of its staff. Funding: Supported by the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) under awards OSR-CARF/CCF-3079, OSR-CRG2019-4093, OSR-CRG2020-4350, IED OSR-2019-4208, IED OSR-2019-4580, REI/1/ 4833-01-01, and OSR-CRG2018-3737. Author contributions: Conceptualization: J.L., E.A., S.D.W.; methodology: J.L., M.D.B., Y.G., G.T.H., R.R.P., M.K.E., M.M., A.S., E.A., L.X.; investigation: J.L., M.D.B., Y.G., G.T.H., R.R.P., M.K.E., M.M., A.S., W.Y., M.B., F.X., L.X., Au.R., A.R., T.G.A., M.W., J.K., A.A.S.; visualization: J.L., G.T.H., R.R.P., M.K.E., M.M., A.S., Y.G., A.S.S., E.U., M.W.; funding acquisition: S.D.W., F.L., D.A., U.S.; supervision: S.D.W., F.L., D.A., U.S.; writing–original draft: J.L., E.A., S.D.W.; writing–review and editing: J.L., S.D.W., E.A., E.U., M.D.B., F.L., Y.G., G.T.H., F.H.I., R.A. Competing interests: J.L. and S.D.W. are inventors on patent application (63/312,896) submitted by King Abdullah University of Science and Technology that covers the alkali-earth metal fluoride used in this work. Data and materials availability: All data are available in the main text or the supplementary materials. License information: Copyright © 2022 the authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original US government works. www.science.org/ about/science-licenses-journal-article-reuse

Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 The Authors, some rights reserved

ASJC Scopus subject areas

General

Access to Document

10.1126/science.abn8910

Cite this

Liu, J., De Bastiani, M., Aydin, E., Harrison, G. T., Gao, Y., Pradhan, R. R., Eswaran, M. K., Mandal, M., Yan, W., Seitkhan, A., Babics, M., Subbiah, A. S., Ugur, E., Xu, F., Xu, L., Wang, M., ur Rehman, A., Razzaq, A., Kang, J., ... De Wolf, S. (2022). Efficient and stable perovskite-silicon tandem solar cells through contact displacement by MgF_x. Science, 377(6603), 302-306. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abn8910

@article{6348314603cf40948de8d6302ecf3e6a,

title = "Efficient and stable perovskite-silicon tandem solar cells through contact displacement by MgFx",

abstract = "The performance of perovskite solar cells with inverted polarity (p-i-n) is still limited by recombination at their electron extraction interface, which also lowers the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of p-i-n perovskite-silicon tandem solar cells. A MgFx interlayer with thickness of ~1 nanometer at the perovskite/C60 interface favorably adjusts the surface energy of the perovskite layer through thermal evaporation, which facilitates efficient electron extraction and displaces C60 from the perovskite surface to mitigate nonradiative recombination. These effects enable a champion open-circuit voltage of 1.92 volts, an improved fill factor of 80.7%, and an independently certified stabilized PCE of 29.3% for a monolithic perovskite-silicon tandem solar cell ~1 square centimeter in area. The tandem retained ~95% of its initial performance after damp-heat testing (85°C at 85% relative humidity) for >1000 hours.",

author = "Jiang Liu and {De Bastiani}, Michele and Erkan Aydin and Harrison, {George T.} and Yajun Gao and Pradhan, {Rakesh R.} and Eswaran, {Mathan K.} and Mukunda Mandal and Wenbo Yan and Akmaral Seitkhan and Maxime Babics and Subbiah, {Anand S.} and Esma Ugur and Fuzong Xu and Lujia Xu and Mingcong Wang and {ur Rehman}, Atteq and Arsalan Razzaq and Jingxuan Kang and Randi Azmi and Said, {Ahmed Ali} and Isikgor, {Furkan H.} and Allen, {Thomas G.} and Denis Andrienko and Udo Schwingenschl{\"o}gl and Fr{\'e}d{\'e}ric Laquai and {De Wolf}, Stefaan",

note = "Funding Information: We acknowledge the use of KAUST Solar Center and Core Lab facilities and the support of its staff. Funding: Supported by the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) under awards OSR-CARF/CCF-3079, OSR-CRG2019-4093, OSR-CRG2020-4350, IED OSR-2019-4208, IED OSR-2019-4580, REI/1/ 4833-01-01, and OSR-CRG2018-3737. Author contributions: Conceptualization: J.L., E.A., S.D.W.; methodology: J.L., M.D.B., Y.G., G.T.H., R.R.P., M.K.E., M.M., A.S., E.A., L.X.; investigation: J.L., M.D.B., Y.G., G.T.H., R.R.P., M.K.E., M.M., A.S., W.Y., M.B., F.X., L.X., Au.R., A.R., T.G.A., M.W., J.K., A.A.S.; visualization: J.L., G.T.H., R.R.P., M.K.E., M.M., A.S., Y.G., A.S.S., E.U., M.W.; funding acquisition: S.D.W., F.L., D.A., U.S.; supervision: S.D.W., F.L., D.A., U.S.; writing–original draft: J.L., E.A., S.D.W.; writing–review and editing: J.L., S.D.W., E.A., E.U., M.D.B., F.L., Y.G., G.T.H., F.H.I., R.A. Competing interests: J.L. and S.D.W. are inventors on patent application (63/312,896) submitted by King Abdullah University of Science and Technology that covers the alkali-earth metal fluoride used in this work. Data and materials availability: All data are available in the main text or the supplementary materials. License information: Copyright {\textcopyright} 2022 the authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original US government works. www.science.org/ about/science-licenses-journal-article-reuse Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 The Authors, some rights reserved",

year = "2022",

month = jul,

day = "15",

doi = "10.1126/science.abn8910",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "377",

pages = "302--306",

journal = "Science",

issn = "0036-8075",

publisher = "AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE",

number = "6603",

}

Liu, J, De Bastiani, M, Aydin, E , Harrison, GT, Gao, Y, Pradhan, RR, Eswaran, MK, Mandal, M, Yan, W, Seitkhan, A, Babics, M, Subbiah, AS , Ugur, E , Xu, F, Xu, L, Wang, M, ur Rehman, A , Razzaq, A, Kang, J, Azmi, R, Said, AA, Isikgor, FH , Allen, TG, Andrienko, D, Schwingenschlögl, U , Laquai, F & De Wolf, S 2022, 'Efficient and stable perovskite-silicon tandem solar cells through contact displacement by MgF_x', Science, vol. 377, no. 6603, pp. 302-306. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abn8910

TY - JOUR

T1 - Efficient and stable perovskite-silicon tandem solar cells through contact displacement by MgFx

AU - Liu, Jiang

AU - De Bastiani, Michele

AU - Aydin, Erkan

AU - Harrison, George T.

AU - Gao, Yajun

AU - Pradhan, Rakesh R.

AU - Eswaran, Mathan K.

AU - Mandal, Mukunda

AU - Yan, Wenbo

AU - Seitkhan, Akmaral

AU - Babics, Maxime

AU - Subbiah, Anand S.

AU - Ugur, Esma

AU - Xu, Fuzong

AU - Xu, Lujia

AU - Wang, Mingcong

AU - ur Rehman, Atteq

AU - Razzaq, Arsalan

AU - Kang, Jingxuan

AU - Azmi, Randi

AU - Said, Ahmed Ali

AU - Isikgor, Furkan H.

AU - Allen, Thomas G.

AU - Andrienko, Denis

AU - Schwingenschlögl, Udo

AU - Laquai, Frédéric

AU - De Wolf, Stefaan

N1 - Funding Information: We acknowledge the use of KAUST Solar Center and Core Lab facilities and the support of its staff. Funding: Supported by the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) under awards OSR-CARF/CCF-3079, OSR-CRG2019-4093, OSR-CRG2020-4350, IED OSR-2019-4208, IED OSR-2019-4580, REI/1/ 4833-01-01, and OSR-CRG2018-3737. Author contributions: Conceptualization: J.L., E.A., S.D.W.; methodology: J.L., M.D.B., Y.G., G.T.H., R.R.P., M.K.E., M.M., A.S., E.A., L.X.; investigation: J.L., M.D.B., Y.G., G.T.H., R.R.P., M.K.E., M.M., A.S., W.Y., M.B., F.X., L.X., Au.R., A.R., T.G.A., M.W., J.K., A.A.S.; visualization: J.L., G.T.H., R.R.P., M.K.E., M.M., A.S., Y.G., A.S.S., E.U., M.W.; funding acquisition: S.D.W., F.L., D.A., U.S.; supervision: S.D.W., F.L., D.A., U.S.; writing–original draft: J.L., E.A., S.D.W.; writing–review and editing: J.L., S.D.W., E.A., E.U., M.D.B., F.L., Y.G., G.T.H., F.H.I., R.A. Competing interests: J.L. and S.D.W. are inventors on patent application (63/312,896) submitted by King Abdullah University of Science and Technology that covers the alkali-earth metal fluoride used in this work. Data and materials availability: All data are available in the main text or the supplementary materials. License information: Copyright © 2022 the authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original US government works. www.science.org/ about/science-licenses-journal-article-reuse Publisher Copyright: © 2022 The Authors, some rights reserved

PY - 2022/7/15

Y1 - 2022/7/15

N2 - The performance of perovskite solar cells with inverted polarity (p-i-n) is still limited by recombination at their electron extraction interface, which also lowers the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of p-i-n perovskite-silicon tandem solar cells. A MgFx interlayer with thickness of ~1 nanometer at the perovskite/C60 interface favorably adjusts the surface energy of the perovskite layer through thermal evaporation, which facilitates efficient electron extraction and displaces C60 from the perovskite surface to mitigate nonradiative recombination. These effects enable a champion open-circuit voltage of 1.92 volts, an improved fill factor of 80.7%, and an independently certified stabilized PCE of 29.3% for a monolithic perovskite-silicon tandem solar cell ~1 square centimeter in area. The tandem retained ~95% of its initial performance after damp-heat testing (85°C at 85% relative humidity) for >1000 hours.

AB - The performance of perovskite solar cells with inverted polarity (p-i-n) is still limited by recombination at their electron extraction interface, which also lowers the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of p-i-n perovskite-silicon tandem solar cells. A MgFx interlayer with thickness of ~1 nanometer at the perovskite/C60 interface favorably adjusts the surface energy of the perovskite layer through thermal evaporation, which facilitates efficient electron extraction and displaces C60 from the perovskite surface to mitigate nonradiative recombination. These effects enable a champion open-circuit voltage of 1.92 volts, an improved fill factor of 80.7%, and an independently certified stabilized PCE of 29.3% for a monolithic perovskite-silicon tandem solar cell ~1 square centimeter in area. The tandem retained ~95% of its initial performance after damp-heat testing (85°C at 85% relative humidity) for >1000 hours.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85134544929&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1126/science.abn8910

DO - 10.1126/science.abn8910

M3 - Article

C2 - 35737811

AN - SCOPUS:85134544929

SN - 0036-8075

VL - 377

SP - 302

EP - 306

JO - Science

JF - Science

IS - 6603

ER -