Dynamic Rupture Process of the 2023 Mw 7.8 Kahramanmaraş Earthquake (SE Türkiye): Variable Rupture Speed and Implications for Seismic Hazard

Zijia Wang; Wenqiang Zhang; Tuncay Taymaz; Zhongqiu He; Tianhong Xu; Zhenguo Zhang

doi:10.1029/2023gl104787

Dynamic Rupture Process of the 2023 Mw 7.8 Kahramanmaraş Earthquake (SE Türkiye): Variable Rupture Speed and Implications for Seismic Hazard

Zijia Wang, Wenqiang Zhang, Tuncay Taymaz, Zhongqiu He, Tianhong Xu, Zhenguo Zhang

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

34 Scopus citations

Abstract

We considered various non-uniformities such as branch faults, rotation of stress field directions, and changes in tectonic environments to simulate the dynamic rupture process of the 6 February 2023 Mw 7.8 Kahramanmaraş earthquake in SE Türkiye. We utilized near-fault waveform data, GNSS static displacements, and surface rupture to constrain the dynamic model. The results indicate that the high initial stress accumulated in the Kahramanmaraş-Çelikhan seismic gap leads to the successful triggering of the East Anatolian Fault (EAF) and the supershear rupture in the northeast segment. Due to the complexity of fault geometry, the rupture speed along the southeastern segment of the EAF varied repeatedly between supershear and subshear, which contributed to the unexpectedly strong ground motion. Furthermore, the triggering of the EAF reminds us to be aware of the risk of seismic gaps on major faults being triggered by secondary faults, which is crucial to prevent significant disasters.

Original language	English (US)
Journal	Geophysical Research Letters
Volume	50
Issue number	15
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1029/2023gl104787
State	Published - Aug 3 2023
Externally published	Yes

Bibliographical note

KAUST Repository Item: Exported on 2023-09-06
Acknowledgements: The authors are grateful to Editor Germán Prieto, and two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments. We thank Dr. Jihong Liu from King Abdullah University of Science and Technology for providing the on-fault surface displacement data. The authors also thanks Dr. Suli Yao from the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Mathilde Marchandon from the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, and Dr. Lingling Ye from Southern University of Science and Technology for the beneficial discussions. Tuncay Taymaz thanks to Dr. Beyza Taymaz for her phenomenal support during hectic days dealing with global media requests and organizing international scientific collaborations throughout 4-weeks of sleepless nights. This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant 42174057), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Geophysical High-resolution Imaging Technology (2022B1212010002). Tuncay Taymaz thanks to Istanbul Technical University Research Fund (ITU-BAP-2023) and the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation for providing financial support toward relevant computational resources through the Humboldt-Stiftung follow-up program. This work is supported by Center for Computational Science and Engineering at Southern University of Science and Technology.
This publication acknowledges KAUST support, but has no KAUST affiliated authors.

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Geophysics
General Earth and Planetary Sciences

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10.1029/2023gl104787

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title = "Dynamic Rupture Process of the 2023 Mw 7.8 Kahramanmara{\c s} Earthquake (SE T{\"u}rkiye): Variable Rupture Speed and Implications for Seismic Hazard",

abstract = "We considered various non-uniformities such as branch faults, rotation of stress field directions, and changes in tectonic environments to simulate the dynamic rupture process of the 6 February 2023 Mw 7.8 Kahramanmara{\c s} earthquake in SE T{\"u}rkiye. We utilized near-fault waveform data, GNSS static displacements, and surface rupture to constrain the dynamic model. The results indicate that the high initial stress accumulated in the Kahramanmara{\c s}-{\c C}elikhan seismic gap leads to the successful triggering of the East Anatolian Fault (EAF) and the supershear rupture in the northeast segment. Due to the complexity of fault geometry, the rupture speed along the southeastern segment of the EAF varied repeatedly between supershear and subshear, which contributed to the unexpectedly strong ground motion. Furthermore, the triggering of the EAF reminds us to be aware of the risk of seismic gaps on major faults being triggered by secondary faults, which is crucial to prevent significant disasters.",

author = "Zijia Wang and Wenqiang Zhang and Tuncay Taymaz and Zhongqiu He and Tianhong Xu and Zhenguo Zhang",

note = "KAUST Repository Item: Exported on 2023-09-06 Acknowledgements: The authors are grateful to Editor Germ{\'a}n Prieto, and two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments. We thank Dr. Jihong Liu from King Abdullah University of Science and Technology for providing the on-fault surface displacement data. The authors also thanks Dr. Suli Yao from the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Mathilde Marchandon from the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit{\"a}t M{\"u}nchen, and Dr. Lingling Ye from Southern University of Science and Technology for the beneficial discussions. Tuncay Taymaz thanks to Dr. Beyza Taymaz for her phenomenal support during hectic days dealing with global media requests and organizing international scientific collaborations throughout 4-weeks of sleepless nights. This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant 42174057), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Geophysical High-resolution Imaging Technology (2022B1212010002). Tuncay Taymaz thanks to Istanbul Technical University Research Fund (ITU-BAP-2023) and the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation for providing financial support toward relevant computational resources through the Humboldt-Stiftung follow-up program. This work is supported by Center for Computational Science and Engineering at Southern University of Science and Technology. This publication acknowledges KAUST support, but has no KAUST affiliated authors.",

year = "2023",

month = aug,

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doi = "10.1029/2023gl104787",

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T1 - Dynamic Rupture Process of the 2023 Mw 7.8 Kahramanmaraş Earthquake (SE Türkiye): Variable Rupture Speed and Implications for Seismic Hazard

AU - Wang, Zijia

AU - Zhang, Wenqiang

AU - Taymaz, Tuncay

AU - He, Zhongqiu

AU - Xu, Tianhong

AU - Zhang, Zhenguo

N1 - KAUST Repository Item: Exported on 2023-09-06 Acknowledgements: The authors are grateful to Editor Germán Prieto, and two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments. We thank Dr. Jihong Liu from King Abdullah University of Science and Technology for providing the on-fault surface displacement data. The authors also thanks Dr. Suli Yao from the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Mathilde Marchandon from the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, and Dr. Lingling Ye from Southern University of Science and Technology for the beneficial discussions. Tuncay Taymaz thanks to Dr. Beyza Taymaz for her phenomenal support during hectic days dealing with global media requests and organizing international scientific collaborations throughout 4-weeks of sleepless nights. This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant 42174057), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Geophysical High-resolution Imaging Technology (2022B1212010002). Tuncay Taymaz thanks to Istanbul Technical University Research Fund (ITU-BAP-2023) and the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation for providing financial support toward relevant computational resources through the Humboldt-Stiftung follow-up program. This work is supported by Center for Computational Science and Engineering at Southern University of Science and Technology. This publication acknowledges KAUST support, but has no KAUST affiliated authors.

PY - 2023/8/3

Y1 - 2023/8/3

N2 - We considered various non-uniformities such as branch faults, rotation of stress field directions, and changes in tectonic environments to simulate the dynamic rupture process of the 6 February 2023 Mw 7.8 Kahramanmaraş earthquake in SE Türkiye. We utilized near-fault waveform data, GNSS static displacements, and surface rupture to constrain the dynamic model. The results indicate that the high initial stress accumulated in the Kahramanmaraş-Çelikhan seismic gap leads to the successful triggering of the East Anatolian Fault (EAF) and the supershear rupture in the northeast segment. Due to the complexity of fault geometry, the rupture speed along the southeastern segment of the EAF varied repeatedly between supershear and subshear, which contributed to the unexpectedly strong ground motion. Furthermore, the triggering of the EAF reminds us to be aware of the risk of seismic gaps on major faults being triggered by secondary faults, which is crucial to prevent significant disasters.

AB - We considered various non-uniformities such as branch faults, rotation of stress field directions, and changes in tectonic environments to simulate the dynamic rupture process of the 6 February 2023 Mw 7.8 Kahramanmaraş earthquake in SE Türkiye. We utilized near-fault waveform data, GNSS static displacements, and surface rupture to constrain the dynamic model. The results indicate that the high initial stress accumulated in the Kahramanmaraş-Çelikhan seismic gap leads to the successful triggering of the East Anatolian Fault (EAF) and the supershear rupture in the northeast segment. Due to the complexity of fault geometry, the rupture speed along the southeastern segment of the EAF varied repeatedly between supershear and subshear, which contributed to the unexpectedly strong ground motion. Furthermore, the triggering of the EAF reminds us to be aware of the risk of seismic gaps on major faults being triggered by secondary faults, which is crucial to prevent significant disasters.

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IS - 15

ER -

Dynamic Rupture Process of the 2023 Mw 7.8 Kahramanmaraş Earthquake (SE Türkiye): Variable Rupture Speed and Implications for Seismic Hazard

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