TY - JOUR
T1 - Direct Pyrolysis of Supermolecules: An Ultrahigh Edge-Nitrogen Doping Strategy of Carbon Anodes for Potassium-Ion Batteries
AU - Zhang, Wenli
AU - Yin, Jian
AU - Sun, Minglei
AU - Wang, Wenxi
AU - Chen, Cailing
AU - Altunkaya, Mustafa
AU - Emwas, Abdul-Hamid
AU - Han, Yu
AU - Schwingenschlögl, Udo
AU - Alshareef, Husam N.
N1 - KAUST Repository Item: Exported on 2020-10-01
Acknowledgements: The research reported in this publication was supported by King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST). The authors thank the Core Laboratories at KAUST for their excellent support.
PY - 2020/5/15
Y1 - 2020/5/15
N2 - Most reported carbonaceous anodes of potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) have limited capacities. One approach to improve the performance of carbon anodes is edge-nitrogen doping, which effectively enhances the K-ion adsorption energy. It remains challenging to achieve high edge-nitrogen doping due to the difficulty in controlling the nitrogen dopant configuration. Herein, a new synthesis strategy is proposed to prepare carbon anodes with ultrahigh edge-nitrogen doping for high-performance PIBs. Specifically, self-assembled supermolecule precursors derived from pyromellitic acid and melamine are directly pyrolyzed. During the pyrolysis process, the amidation and imidization reactions between pyromellitic acid and melamine before carbonization enable the successful carbonization of pyromellitic acid-melamine supermolecule. The obtained 3D nitrogen-doped turbostratic carbon (3D-NTC) possesses a 3D framework composed of carbon nanosheets, turbostratic crystalline structure, and an ultrahigh edge-nitrogen-doping level up to 16.8 at% (73.7% of total 22.8 at% nitrogen doping). These features endow 3D-NTCs with remarkable performances as PIB anodes. The 3D-NTC anode displays a high capacity of 473 mAh g-1 , robust rate capability, and a long cycle life of 500 cycles with a high capacity retention of 93.1%. This new strategy will boost the development of carbon anodes for rechargeable alkali-metal-ion batteries.
AB - Most reported carbonaceous anodes of potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) have limited capacities. One approach to improve the performance of carbon anodes is edge-nitrogen doping, which effectively enhances the K-ion adsorption energy. It remains challenging to achieve high edge-nitrogen doping due to the difficulty in controlling the nitrogen dopant configuration. Herein, a new synthesis strategy is proposed to prepare carbon anodes with ultrahigh edge-nitrogen doping for high-performance PIBs. Specifically, self-assembled supermolecule precursors derived from pyromellitic acid and melamine are directly pyrolyzed. During the pyrolysis process, the amidation and imidization reactions between pyromellitic acid and melamine before carbonization enable the successful carbonization of pyromellitic acid-melamine supermolecule. The obtained 3D nitrogen-doped turbostratic carbon (3D-NTC) possesses a 3D framework composed of carbon nanosheets, turbostratic crystalline structure, and an ultrahigh edge-nitrogen-doping level up to 16.8 at% (73.7% of total 22.8 at% nitrogen doping). These features endow 3D-NTCs with remarkable performances as PIB anodes. The 3D-NTC anode displays a high capacity of 473 mAh g-1 , robust rate capability, and a long cycle life of 500 cycles with a high capacity retention of 93.1%. This new strategy will boost the development of carbon anodes for rechargeable alkali-metal-ion batteries.
UR - http://hdl.handle.net/10754/662843
UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/adma.202000732
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85084582308&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/adma.202000732
DO - 10.1002/adma.202000732
M3 - Article
C2 - 32410270
SN - 0935-9648
SP - 2000732
JO - Advanced Materials
JF - Advanced Materials
ER -