Abstract
Peripheral nerve regeneration following injury occurs spontaneously, but many of the processes require metabolic energy. The mechanism of energy supply to axons has not previously been determined. In the central nervous system, monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1), expressed in oligodendroglia, is critical for supplying lactate or other energy metabolites to axons. In the current study, MCT1 is shown to localize within the peripheral nervous system to perineurial cells, dorsal root ganglion neurons, and Schwann cells by MCT1 immunofluorescence in wild-type mice and tdTomato fluorescence in MCT1 BAC reporter mice. To investigate whether MCT1 is necessary for peripheral nerve regeneration, sciatic nerves of MCT1 heterozygous mice are crushed and peripheral nerve regeneration was quantified electrophysiologically and anatomically. Compound muscle action potential (CMAP) recovery is delayed from a median of 21. days in wild-type mice to greater than 38. days in MCT1 heterozygote mice. In fact, half of the MCT1 heterozygote mice have no recovery of CMAP at 42. days, while all of the wild-type mice recovered. In addition, muscle fibers remain 40% more atrophic and neuromuscular junctions 40% more denervated at 42. days post-crush in the MCT1 heterozygote mice than wild-type mice. The delay in nerve regeneration is not only in motor axons, as the number of regenerated axons in the sural sensory nerve of MCT1 heterozygote mice at 4. weeks and tibial mixed sensory and motor nerve at 3. weeks is also significantly reduced compared to wild-type mice. This delay in regeneration may be partly due to failed Schwann cell function, as there is reduced early phagocytosis of myelin debris and remyelination of axon segments. These data for the first time demonstrate that MCT1 is critical for regeneration of both sensory and motor axons in mice following sciatic nerve crush.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 325-338 |
Number of pages | 14 |
Journal | Experimental Neurology |
Volume | 263 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Oct 29 2014 |
Bibliographical note
KAUST Repository Item: Exported on 2020-10-01Acknowledgements: The authors would like to thank Dr. Rita Sattler for her helpful comments on the manuscript, Dr. Dwight Bergles for supplying the PLP-GFP transgenic reporter mice, Ms. Katelyn Russell for assistance with electrodiagnostic studies, and Carol Cooke and the Johns Hopkins Neurology Electron Microscopy Core for their assistance in processing, photographing, and analyzing electron microscopic images. Financial support was provided by the Muscular Dystrophy Association (B.M.M.), NIH NS33958 (J.D.R.), and the Packard Center for ALS (J.D.R).
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Developmental Neuroscience
- Neurology