TY - JOUR
T1 - Catch the Pitch of 5G FWA: EMF and Throughput Measurements of 3.5 GHz Standalone Deployment in a Baseball Stadium
AU - Chiaraviglio, Luca
AU - Lodovisi, Chiara
AU - Franci, Daniele
AU - Pavoncello, Settimio
AU - Coltellacci, Stefano
AU - Migliore, Marco Donald
AU - Cicciarelli, Timothy
AU - Basset, Luigi
AU - Spugnini, Leonardo
AU - Aureli, Tommaso
AU - Alouini, Mohamed-Slim
N1 - KAUST Repository Item: Exported on 2023-03-27
Acknowledged KAUST grant number(s): OSR-2020-CRG9-4377
Acknowledgements: This work was supported by the PLAN-EMF project (KAUST Award No. OSR-2020-CRG9-4377). We would like to thank the municipality of Nettuno and the baseball team for providing access to the Steno Borghese stadium.
PY - 2023/3/23
Y1 - 2023/3/23
N2 - The provisioning of 5G technology does not only involve mobile terminals, but also new services such as Fixed Wireless Access (FWA). The aim of this study is to examine the ElectroMagnetic Field (EMF) and throughput performance of a FWA deployment utilizing Standalone technology operating at 3.5 GHz. To address the unique characteristics of 5G FWA signals, an innovative framework has been designed based on the measurement of 5G FWA spectrum using four independent chains and an additional traffic generation chain to saturate the radio link capacity at the measurement location. Methodologies for evaluating 5G FWA exposure under conservative conditions, such as measurements of exposure during active traffic generation and maximum power extrapolations, are also introduced. Results from real measurements taken at a baseball stadium show that 5G FWA exposure is consistently low, typically below 0.4 V/m, with an upper bound of 0.59 V/m, while the achieved throughput is up to 250 Mbps. Additionally, the measured 5G exposure levels are a small fraction compared to those emitted by other technologies such as 4G. Furthermore, the values estimated by simulation from the output power counters of the base station are found to be in close agreement with the measured exposure levels.
AB - The provisioning of 5G technology does not only involve mobile terminals, but also new services such as Fixed Wireless Access (FWA). The aim of this study is to examine the ElectroMagnetic Field (EMF) and throughput performance of a FWA deployment utilizing Standalone technology operating at 3.5 GHz. To address the unique characteristics of 5G FWA signals, an innovative framework has been designed based on the measurement of 5G FWA spectrum using four independent chains and an additional traffic generation chain to saturate the radio link capacity at the measurement location. Methodologies for evaluating 5G FWA exposure under conservative conditions, such as measurements of exposure during active traffic generation and maximum power extrapolations, are also introduced. Results from real measurements taken at a baseball stadium show that 5G FWA exposure is consistently low, typically below 0.4 V/m, with an upper bound of 0.59 V/m, while the achieved throughput is up to 250 Mbps. Additionally, the measured 5G exposure levels are a small fraction compared to those emitted by other technologies such as 4G. Furthermore, the values estimated by simulation from the output power counters of the base station are found to be in close agreement with the measured exposure levels.
UR - http://hdl.handle.net/10754/690598
UR - https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10078898/
U2 - 10.1109/ojcoms.2023.3260991
DO - 10.1109/ojcoms.2023.3260991
M3 - Article
SN - 2644-125X
SP - 1
EP - 1
JO - IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society
JF - IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society
ER -