Carbon−Silicon Core−Shell Nanowires as High Capacity Electrode for Lithium Ion Batteries

Li-Feng Cui, Yuan Yang, Ching-Mei Hsu, Yi Cui

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

994 Scopus citations

Abstract

We introduce a novel design of carbon-silicon core-shell nanowires for high power and long life lithium battery electrodes. Amorphous silicon was coated onto carbon nanofibers to form a core-shell structure and the resulted core-shell nanowires showed great performance as anode material. Since carbon has a much smaller capacity compared to silicon, the carbon core experiences less structural stress or damage during lithium cycling and can function as a mechanical support and an efficient electron conducting pathway. These nanowires have a high charge storage capacity of ∼2000 mAh/g and good cycling life. They also have a high Coulmbic efficiency of 90% for the first cycle and 98-99.6% for the following cycles. A full cell composed of LiCoO2 cathode and carbon-silicon core-shell nanowire anode is also demonstrated. Significantly, using these core-shell nanowires we have obtained high mass loading and an area capacity of ∼4 mAh/cm2, which is comparable to commercial battery values. © 2009 American Chemical Society.
Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)3370-3374
Number of pages5
JournalNano Letters
Volume9
Issue number9
DOIs
StatePublished - Sep 9 2009
Externally publishedYes

Bibliographical note

KAUST Repository Item: Exported on 2020-10-01
Acknowledged KAUST grant number(s): KUS-11001-12
Acknowledgements: The work is partially supported by the Global Climate and Energy Project at Stanford, Office of Naval Research and King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) under the Award No. KUS-11001-12.
This publication acknowledges KAUST support, but has no KAUST affiliated authors.

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