Abstract
The initiation of flowering is tightly regulated by the endogenous and environment signals, which is crucial for the reproductive success of flowering plants. It is well known that autonomous and vernalization pathways repress transcription of FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC), a focal floral repressor, but how its protein stability is regulated remains largely unknown. Here, we found that mutations in a novel Arabidopsis SUMO protease 1 (ASP1) resulted in a strong late-flowering phenotype under long-days, but to a lesser extent under short-days. ASP1 localizes in the nucleus and exhibited a SUMO protease activity in vitro and in vivo. The conserved Cys-577 in ASP1 is critical for its enzymatic activity, as well as its physiological function in the regulation of flowering time. Genetic and gene expression analyses demonstrated that ASP1 promotes transcription of positive regulators of flowering, such as FT, SOC1 and FD, and may function in both CO-dependent photoperiod pathway and FLC-dependent pathways. Although the transcription level of FLC was not affected in the loss-of-function asp1 mutant, the protein stability of FLC was increased in the asp1 mutant. Taken together, this study identified a novel bona fide SUMO protease, ASP1, which positively regulates transition to flowering at least partly by repressing FLC protein stability.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 15-29 |
Number of pages | 15 |
Journal | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology |
Volume | 59 |
Issue number | 1 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Jan 1 2017 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31301166 for P.L. and 31471363 for J.B.J), the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China (2012CB114302 for J.B.J) and the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDA08010105 for J.B.J).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 The Authors. Journal of Integrative Plant Biology Published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Keywords
- CONSTANS
- FLOWERING LOCUS C
- flowering time
- small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO)
- SUMO protease
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Biochemistry
- General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
- Plant Science