A techno-economic analysis of a thermally regenerative ammonia-based battery

Holkan Vazquez-Sanchez; Shashank S. Nagaraja; Nicholas R. Cross; Derek M. Hall; S. Mani Sarathy

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2023.121501

A techno-economic analysis of a thermally regenerative ammonia-based battery

Holkan Vazquez-Sanchez^*, Shashank S. Nagaraja, Nicholas R. Cross, Derek M. Hall, S. Mani Sarathy

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

4 Scopus citations

Abstract

A substantial amount of energy available from low-grade heat remains unexploited worldwide. The thermally regenerative ammonia-based battery (TRAB) is an electrochemical system that effectively converts low-grade thermal energy into electricity. This technology must follow a sustainable development path to be scalable and implementable in real-world conditions. This study performs a first-of-a-kind techno-economic analysis (TEA) of an all-aqueous copper thermally regenerative ammonia-based battery (Cu_aq-TRAB) to identify its technical feasibility and cost performance; thereby evaluating the scalability and potential applications of a TRAB. The levelized cost of storage (LCOS) is assessed as the key economic indicator of the TEA. For a 20-year lifetime project of a Cu_aq-TRAB, this study shows that TRABs can reach an LCOS of 349 $/MWh and 707 $/MWh for power application (0.5 h) and energy application scenarios (15 h), respectively. The main cost drivers are the membrane selection for power applications and the ligand choice for energy applications. This TEA shows that the developed Cu_aq-TRAB offers competitive LCOS for short-duration energy storage.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	121501
Journal	Applied Energy
Volume	347
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2023.121501
State	Published - Oct 1 2023

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 Elsevier Ltd

Keywords

Cost analysis
Energy storage
Levelized cost of storage
Sustainability assessment
Techno-economic analysis
TRAB

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Building and Construction
Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
Mechanical Engineering
General Energy
Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Access to Document

10.1016/j.apenergy.2023.121501

Cite this

@article{36b0ac0fe35c4fa292f370e80537ea83,

title = "A techno-economic analysis of a thermally regenerative ammonia-based battery",

abstract = "A substantial amount of energy available from low-grade heat remains unexploited worldwide. The thermally regenerative ammonia-based battery (TRAB) is an electrochemical system that effectively converts low-grade thermal energy into electricity. This technology must follow a sustainable development path to be scalable and implementable in real-world conditions. This study performs a first-of-a-kind techno-economic analysis (TEA) of an all-aqueous copper thermally regenerative ammonia-based battery (Cuaq-TRAB) to identify its technical feasibility and cost performance; thereby evaluating the scalability and potential applications of a TRAB. The levelized cost of storage (LCOS) is assessed as the key economic indicator of the TEA. For a 20-year lifetime project of a Cuaq-TRAB, this study shows that TRABs can reach an LCOS of 349 $/MWh and 707 $/MWh for power application (0.5 h) and energy application scenarios (15 h), respectively. The main cost drivers are the membrane selection for power applications and the ligand choice for energy applications. This TEA shows that the developed Cuaq-TRAB offers competitive LCOS for short-duration energy storage.",

keywords = "Cost analysis, Energy storage, Levelized cost of storage, Sustainability assessment, Techno-economic analysis, TRAB",

author = "Holkan Vazquez-Sanchez and Nagaraja, {Shashank S.} and Cross, {Nicholas R.} and Hall, {Derek M.} and {Mani Sarathy}, S.",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023 Elsevier Ltd",

year = "2023",

month = oct,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1016/j.apenergy.2023.121501",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "347",

journal = "Applied Energy",

issn = "0306-2619",

publisher = "Elsevier",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - A techno-economic analysis of a thermally regenerative ammonia-based battery

AU - Vazquez-Sanchez, Holkan

AU - Nagaraja, Shashank S.

AU - Cross, Nicholas R.

AU - Hall, Derek M.

AU - Mani Sarathy, S.

PY - 2023/10/1

Y1 - 2023/10/1

N2 - A substantial amount of energy available from low-grade heat remains unexploited worldwide. The thermally regenerative ammonia-based battery (TRAB) is an electrochemical system that effectively converts low-grade thermal energy into electricity. This technology must follow a sustainable development path to be scalable and implementable in real-world conditions. This study performs a first-of-a-kind techno-economic analysis (TEA) of an all-aqueous copper thermally regenerative ammonia-based battery (Cuaq-TRAB) to identify its technical feasibility and cost performance; thereby evaluating the scalability and potential applications of a TRAB. The levelized cost of storage (LCOS) is assessed as the key economic indicator of the TEA. For a 20-year lifetime project of a Cuaq-TRAB, this study shows that TRABs can reach an LCOS of 349 $/MWh and 707 $/MWh for power application (0.5 h) and energy application scenarios (15 h), respectively. The main cost drivers are the membrane selection for power applications and the ligand choice for energy applications. This TEA shows that the developed Cuaq-TRAB offers competitive LCOS for short-duration energy storage.

AB - A substantial amount of energy available from low-grade heat remains unexploited worldwide. The thermally regenerative ammonia-based battery (TRAB) is an electrochemical system that effectively converts low-grade thermal energy into electricity. This technology must follow a sustainable development path to be scalable and implementable in real-world conditions. This study performs a first-of-a-kind techno-economic analysis (TEA) of an all-aqueous copper thermally regenerative ammonia-based battery (Cuaq-TRAB) to identify its technical feasibility and cost performance; thereby evaluating the scalability and potential applications of a TRAB. The levelized cost of storage (LCOS) is assessed as the key economic indicator of the TEA. For a 20-year lifetime project of a Cuaq-TRAB, this study shows that TRABs can reach an LCOS of 349 $/MWh and 707 $/MWh for power application (0.5 h) and energy application scenarios (15 h), respectively. The main cost drivers are the membrane selection for power applications and the ligand choice for energy applications. This TEA shows that the developed Cuaq-TRAB offers competitive LCOS for short-duration energy storage.

KW - Cost analysis

KW - Energy storage

KW - Levelized cost of storage

KW - Sustainability assessment

KW - Techno-economic analysis

KW - TRAB

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85164469773&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/j.apenergy.2023.121501

DO - 10.1016/j.apenergy.2023.121501

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85164469773

SN - 0306-2619

VL - 347

JO - Applied Energy

JF - Applied Energy

M1 - 121501

ER -

A techno-economic analysis of a thermally regenerative ammonia-based battery

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

UN SDGs

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Cite this