A Bayesian spatio-temporal statistical analysis of Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrests

We propose a Bayesian spatio-temporal statistical model for predicting Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrests (OHCA). Risk maps for Ticino, adjusted for demographic covariates, are built for explaining and forecasting the spatial distribution of OHCAs and their temporal dynamics. The occurrence intensity of the OHCA event in each area of interest, and the cardiac risk-based clustering of municipalities are efficiently estimated, through a statistical model that decomposes OHCA intensity into overall intensity, demographic fixed effects, spatially structured and unstructured random effects, time polynomial dependence and spatio-temporal random effect. In the studied geography, time evolution and dependence on demographic features are robust over different categories of OHCAs, but with variability in their spatial and spatio-temporal structure. Two main OHCA incidence-based clusters of municipalities are identified.