Chemistry of processes and behavior in air and aquatic systems. Acid- base and redox chemistry, carbonate system, precipitation. Chemical thermodynamics including quantitative assessment of chemical composition and fate of contaminants using equilibrium calculations. Chemistry of processes in aquatic systems. Natural water composition, characteristics and analysis (inorganic and organic composition, ionic balance, pH, conductivity, turbidity), acids and bases, carbonate system, chemistry of metals, precipitation, redox chemistry.